The Frame of Reference
What is the signal measured against?
A trading signal is never just “a strategy”. It sits at the intersection of six independent axes — what it's measured against, how long it holds, which market it trades, what it's made of, how it's built, and how its risk is shaped. Learn to read those six and you can tell any two alphas apart, name them precisely, and see at a glance how they differ. This is that field guide.
Six independent axes. A working alpha is a single point across all of them — cross-sectional and multi-day and machine-learned and market-neutral at once.
◆ Why a shared language matters
Read in order, the axes turn any signal into a short, comparable vector — so a book can be built from genuinely different parts, duplicates are caught on sight, and the same alpha is described the same way twice. The first two — the frame of reference and the clockspeed — set the priority; the rest make the description precise.
The first 2 are open to everyone; the rest unlock free when you sign in.
The map
The one-screen version. Each axis answers a single question, and the answers combine freely — the same signal can be cross-sectional and machine-learned and market-neutral at once. Hover any chip for its definition; the sections below show each distinction in motion.
What is the signal measured against?
How long does a position live?
Which market, with which rules?
What is the signal built from?
How is the signal generated?
What is hedged, and what drives it?
◆ A seventh, quieter modifier
Travelling with every alpha is capacity & decay — how much capital it absorbs before market impact erodes the edge, and how fast it crowds out. As a rule, faster signals have lower capacity and decay quicker; slow factor signals carry more and last longer.
Sign in to continue
You've seen the map — the six axes and the questions they answer. The demonstrations that show each distinction in motion unlock free the moment you sign in.
Checking your access…